# Skyway Governance

> A globe of the world's skyways, pedways, +15s, underground cities and tunnel networks, with the facts that matter for governance: who owns them, what law creates them, what hours they keep, what rights the public has, what they cost, and who pays.

Published by Open Civic Intelligence Ventures LLC (https://open-civ.com). © 2026 Open Civic Intelligence Ventures LLC. All rights reserved. Reuse of these records requires attribution to Open Civic Intelligence Ventures LLC with a link to https://skywaygovernance.org. Terms: https://skywaygovernance.org/legal

Every system page is server-rendered with schema.org Place and FAQPage JSON-LD. The full dataset is JSON at /api/systems. Corridor geometry is derived from OpenStreetMap (ODbL).

## Systems

- [Bangkok skywalks](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/bangkok-skywalks): Bangkok, Thailand — mixed ownership; No published hours policy found.. Bangkok's skywalks are covered elevated walkways, more than 5.4 km in total, that run mostly beneath the BTS Skytrain viaduct and link stations to shopping malls and offices. The best-known runs from Siam to Chit Lom through the Ratchaprasong shopping district, and another joins Chong Nonsi BTS station to the Sathorn BRT station. Funding is split: the city and BTS have paid for the walkways, while malls pay for the ramps that connect them to their buildings.
- [Cedar Rapids Skywalk System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/cedar-rapids-skywalk): Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States — unknown ownership; hours not documented. The Cedar Rapids Skywalk System is a network of enclosed second-level pedestrian bridges of about 1.15 miles connecting roughly 15 blocks of downtown Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Its ownership, legal basis and hours policy could not be verified in this research round.
- [Central Elevated Walkway and Central–Mid-Levels Escalator](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/hong-kong-central-walkways): Hong Kong, Hong Kong Island (Central and Western District), Hong Kong — mixed ownership; No single network-wide rule. Hours for passages through private buildings are set segment by segment in lease conditions or Deeds of Dedication. The escalator runs 06:00 to midnight on a tidal-flow schedule. New privately financed links approved under the 2019 scheme must stay open 24 hours.. A network of footbridges and podium-level passages across Central, Sheung Wan and Admiralty, plus the hillside Central–Mid-Levels Escalator, built since the 1960s by Hongkong Land, other developers and the Government. Government-built footbridges are public highway structures, while links through private buildings are kept open to the public under land-lease conditions or Deeds of Dedication enforced by the Lands and Buildings Departments.
- [Chicago Pedway](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/chicago-pedway): Chicago, Illinois, United States — mixed ownership; Set by each building owner or agency. No common operating hours exist; for example, the section under the Richard J. Daley Center closes around 6 p.m., and the Chase Tower link is open only during workday hours.. The Chicago Pedway is a network of underground tunnels, overhead bridges and concourses linking more than 50 buildings and several rail stations across about 40 blocks of the Loop. It has no single owner: the City of Chicago built the first tunnels and its Transportation Department publishes the map, but each section is owned, maintained and opened on its own schedule by the building or agency above it.
- [Cincinnati Skywalk](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/cincinnati-skywalk): Cincinnati, Ohio, United States — mixed ownership; hours not documented. The Cincinnati Skywalk was a 1.3-mile network of elevated, mostly enclosed walkways in downtown Cincinnati, built in stages from 1971 and completed in 1997 for more than $16 million. The City approved and helped fund it with federal urban renewal money and relied on dozens of maintenance agreements with private property owners. From 2002 the City and developers removed it piece by piece to bring pedestrians back to street level, and the last prominent segment came down in 2020.
- [City of London Pedway and Barbican Highwalks](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/london-pedway-barbican): London, England, United Kingdom — public ownership; No published opening hours found. Routes declared City Walkway carry a statutory right to pass on foot, so they are in principle open at all times, subject to conditions in each declaration such as off-peak maintenance closures.. The Pedway was a post-war City of London plan to lift pedestrians onto a first-floor network of walkways above traffic; only fragments were built, with the most complete surviving section on and around the Barbican Estate and London Wall. The City of London Corporation owns the highwalks, and routes it declares a 'City Walkway' under the City of London (Various Powers) Act 1967 carry a statutory public right to pass on foot.
- [Crystal City Underground](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/crystal-city-underground): Arlington, Virginia, United States — private ownership; No published hours found; access is set by the owner. Retail closed at the end of October 2024.. The Crystal City Underground is a privately owned network of below-grade corridors and shops in Arlington, Virginia, running from 12th Street South to 23rd Street South and linking office, hotel and residential buildings to the Crystal City Metro station. Developed by the Charles E. Smith Companies from 1976 and now owned by JBG Smith, it lost its retail when the owner stopped renewing leases in 2024. Arlington County's 2010 sector plan calls for its connectivity to be preserved, but the plan is guidance rather than an access guarantee.
- [Dallas Pedestrian Network](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/dallas-pedestrian-network): Dallas, Texas, United States — mixed ownership; Set by building owners; generally weekday business hours, closed weekends.. The Dallas Pedestrian Network is a set of tunnels, skybridges and walk-throughs covering about 36 blocks of downtown Dallas, built piecemeal between 1965 and 1986 under a plan by Montreal planner Vincent Ponte. It is almost entirely private: building owners own and maintain the segments, while the city leases the small portions under public streets and maintains one short stretch. City policy has turned against the network since the late 1980s, and much of it is now quiet or discontinuous.
- [Des Moines Skywalk System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/des-moines-skywalk): Des Moines, Iowa, United States — mixed ownership; The municipal code sets 6:00 a.m. to 2:00 a.m. daily. The 2023 Uniform Amendment sets regular hours of 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. for signing owners. Since late 2023 seven doors have been locked from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m., except for at least two hours after events at the Iowa Events Center or Civic Center.. The Des Moines Skywalk System is a network of enclosed second-level bridges and corridors of about four miles linking offices, hotels, parking garages and the Iowa Events Center in downtown Des Moines. The City of Des Moines owns the bridges over public streets, while private building owners own the corridors through their buildings and grant public easements under recorded skywalk agreements. A municipal code article, a Skywalk Committee and a private dues-paying Skywalk Association govern hours, closures and security.
- [Detroit downtown skywalks](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/detroit-skywalks): Detroit, Michigan, United States — mixed ownership; People Mover runs 6:30 a.m.–midnight weekdays, 10 a.m.–midnight Saturday and 10 a.m.–10 p.m. Sunday. The Millender Center level-2 pedestrian crossing is locked nightly after 8 p.m.; after 10 p.m. non-hotel guests at the Renaissance Center station must exit to the street.. Downtown Detroit has a handful of enclosed skybridges rather than a continuous network, mostly tying buildings to Detroit People Mover stations: the Renaissance Center to its station and across Jefferson Avenue to the Millender Center, the Millender Center to the city's Municipal Center, and Hollywood Casino Greektown to the Greektown station. Each link is controlled by the owner of the building it enters, and access has narrowed sharply since General Motors closed the Renaissance Center's public spaces in January 2026.
- [Downtown Halifax Link](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/halifax-link): Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada — mixed ownership; No network-wide hours policy was found. Hours appear to be set by each connected building.. The Downtown Halifax Link is a small network of climate-controlled tunnels and skywalks joining hotels, office towers, Scotia Square, the Scotiabank Centre and the former World Trade and Convention Centre. The buildings are privately or institutionally owned, and pedways crossing public streets are encroachments permitted by the Halifax Regional Municipality under its Encroachment By-law, which lets Council waive fees for pedways that provide a public benefit.
- [Dubai air-conditioned pedestrian bridges and Metro links](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/dubai-metro-links): Dubai, Emirate of Dubai, United Arab Emirates — mixed ownership; No published hours policy found for the RTA footbridges or the developer-built links.. Dubai has no single skyway system. It has a growing set of enclosed, air-conditioned footbridges: those at Dubai Metro stations and over major roads are built and maintained by the Roads and Transport Authority (RTA), while the best-known links, such as the 820-metre Dubai Mall Metro Link and DIFC's Gate Avenue, were commissioned by master developers. Governance is therefore split between a public authority working in road rights-of-way and private developers working on their own land.
- [Duluth Skywalk](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/duluth-skywalk): Duluth, Minnesota, United States — mixed ownership; Most segments are open Monday–Friday 7 a.m.–7 p.m. and closed weekends and six holidays, as published by the Greater Downtown Council. Hours are subject to change; no city hours ordinance was found.. A 3.5-mile network of enclosed bridges and corridors linking downtown Duluth buildings and crossing Interstate 35 to the DECC and Canal Park. The city owns and maintains some elements, such as bridges it has repainted and publicly funded additions, while other segments run through private buildings. The Greater Downtown Council publishes hours, and most segments open only on weekdays from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.
- [Edmonton Downtown Pedway](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/edmonton-pedway): Edmonton, Alberta, Canada — mixed ownership; Each building determines its own hours and can change them at any time. The City publishes a building-by-building directory. Hours agreed for publication in 2016 were Monday–Saturday 6 a.m.–11 p.m., Sunday 6 a.m.–6 p.m., and LRT 5 a.m.–1 a.m., but many private links now close earlier or are card-access only.. Edmonton's pedway is a network of underground tunnels, above-ground bridges and through-building passages linking downtown buildings, parkades and LRT stations. About two-thirds of it is privately owned, so each building sets its own hours, while the City of Edmonton owns the LRT-related links, publishes maps and signage standards, and coordinates owners without legal power to set network-wide hours.
- [Helsinki underground pedestrian network](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/helsinki-underground): Helsinki, Uusimaa, Finland — mixed ownership; Set by each facility. Asematunneli shops have had special permission since opening to trade until 22:00 and on public holidays. No published closing hours for the passages themselves were found.. Central Helsinki has a set of underground pedestrian passages linking the Central Railway Station, the Asematunneli shopping tunnel, metro stations and the basements of the Forum and Kamppi shopping centres. The City of Helsinki plans the subsurface through a legally binding Underground Master Plan, while individual passages and shopping levels are built and run by a mix of city, transit and private property owners.
- [Houston Downtown Tunnel System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/houston-tunnels): Houston, Texas, United States — private ownership; Set by building owners. In practice the tunnels open on weekday business hours and close by 6 p.m., and are closed evenings and weekends except tunnels linking Theater District venues to parking.. The Houston Downtown Tunnel System is a network of air-conditioned pedestrian tunnels about 20 feet below downtown streets, running more than six miles and linking 95 city blocks. Each segment is owned and maintained by the building above it, so there is no single owner or operator. The tunnels generally open only on weekday business hours, and almost all entrances are inside private buildings.
- [Indianapolis Skywalk](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/indianapolis-skywalk): Indianapolis, Indiana, United States — mixed ownership; No system-wide hours rule was found, and each owner sets access to its own link. The Indy Arts Council lists business hours of Monday to Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. for the Artsgarden. Convention center and hotel links follow facility and event schedules.. The Indianapolis Skywalk is a set of enclosed pedestrian bridges and connectors linking the Indiana Convention Center, Lucas Oil Stadium, a dozen downtown hotels and the former Circle Centre Mall, with the Artsgarden over Washington and Illinois streets as a central node. No single body owns or runs it. Hotel developers, the Capital Improvement Board, the Indy Arts Council and the owner of the former mall each control their own links, and the city reviews new bridges case by case when air rights over streets are vacated.
- [KAFD Skywalk Network](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/riyadh-kafd-skywalk): Riyadh, Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia — public ownership; No published hours policy found.. The KAFD Skywalk Network is a 15.46 km system of 42 climate-controlled elevated skywalks joining the 95 buildings of the King Abdullah Financial District in Riyadh. Guinness World Records lists it as the largest continuous pedestrian skyway network. The whole district, skywalks included, is owned and managed by a single company, KAFD DMC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund.
- [KLCC–Bukit Bintang Pedestrian Walkway](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/kuala-lumpur-klcc-bukit-bintang): Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia — unknown ownership; No published hours policy found.. The KLCC–Bukit Bintang Pedestrian Walkway is an air-conditioned, mostly elevated walkway of about 1 km linking Suria KLCC and the Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre with Pavilion Kuala Lumpur in the Bukit Bintang shopping district. It cost RM100 million and was launched by Prime Minister Najib Razak around January 2012. Wikipedia credits Petronas with building it as a social contribution; its current owner, operator and hours are not documented in sources reviewed.
- [La Défense pedestrian deck (la dalle)](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/paris-la-defense-dalle): Puteaux / Courbevoie, Île-de-France, France — public ownership; Open-air public space with no published closing hours found. Vehicle access to the esplanade is controlled and limited to certain times, and commercial use requires authorisation and fees.. La Défense, the business district west of Paris, is built on a continuous pedestrian deck of about 31 hectares, with motorways, rail, car parks and service roads running beneath it. Since 1 January 2018 the deck's public spaces and works have been owned and managed by Paris La Défense, a local public establishment controlled by the Hauts-de-Seine department, while the towers above are privately owned volumes.
- [Los Angeles Pedway](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/los-angeles-pedway): Los Angeles, California, United States — unknown ownership; No published hours. Access depends on each connected building's doors and lobby hours; some exits are reported closed off.. A set of open-air concrete pedestrian bridges on the west side of Bunker Hill in downtown Los Angeles, linking the Westin Bonaventure, the World Trade Center, Union Bank Plaza, Bank of America Plaza, City National Plaza and neighbouring towers at the second level. Built from 1975 as the first phase of planning director Calvin Hamilton's downtown people-mover scheme, it was orphaned when federal funding ended in 1981; the bridges survive, privately attached to the buildings they join, with no system-wide operator, hours or signage.
- [Lujiazui Central Area Second-Level Pedestrian Corridor](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/shanghai-lujiazui-walkway): Shanghai, Pudong New Area, China — public ownership; Not confirmed in an official source. Travel listings give lift hours of roughly 08:00–23:00; the open deck is used at night.. A second-level pedestrian network in Pudong's Lujiazui financial district, built from 2008 around the circular Pearl Ring bridge over the Lujiazui roundabout and extended to the Shanghai IFC, Jin Mao Tower and Shanghai World Financial Center. It was commissioned by Pudong New Area authorities as a public works project, and the surrounding scenic area is managed by the state-linked Lujiazui Financial City Development Bureau company.
- [Makati CBD Elevated Walkway and Underpass Network](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/makati-elevated-walkways): Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines — private ownership; Not found. No published hours for the elevated walkways or underpasses were located.. A privately financed network of elevated walks, covered sidewalks and pedestrian underpasses in the Makati Central Business District, begun in 1995. It was planned by Ayala Land and is financed, built and operated by the Makati Commercial Estate Association (MACEA), the district's estate association. Funding comes from a development charge levied on buildings that build above the originally planned density.
- [Milwaukee Skywalk](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/milwaukee-skywalk): Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States — unknown ownership; hours not documented. The Milwaukee Skywalk is a network of enclosed pedestrian bridges and corridors of about 1.75 miles, linking roughly eight downtown blocks along Wisconsin Avenue. It connects The Avenue, the former Grand Avenue mall, with 310W, the Baird Center convention hall, the Hyatt Regency and Hilton hotels, Chase Tower and 100 East Wisconsin, and crosses the Milwaukee River twice. Segments are controlled by the owners of the buildings they join, and Milwaukee Downtown, Business Improvement District #21, coordinates improvements such as murals with those owners.
- [Minneapolis Skyway System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/minneapolis-skyway): Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States — private ownership; Zoning standards require skyways approved under the 2016 rules to be open Monday–Friday 6:30 a.m.–10 p.m., Saturday 9:30 a.m.–8 p.m. and Sunday noon–6 p.m. Older skyways are exempt, and each building sets its own hours. Most connected buildings now close around 6 p.m. on weekdays and stay closed on weekends.. A network of enclosed second-floor pedestrian bridges and interior corridors linking about 80 blocks of downtown Minneapolis, begun in 1962. Each bridge is privately built and owned by the buildings it connects and crosses the public street under a revocable city encroachment permit, so there is no public easement and, in practice, each building sets its own hours.
- [Morristown Skymart](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/morristown-skymart): Morristown, Tennessee, United States — public ownership; Open-air public walkway; no hours policy found.. The Skymart is a concrete elevated sidewalk built in 1964–1967 along downtown Morristown's Main Street, linking the second storeys of shops and bridging the street, as part of a federally backed urban renewal project. It is an open-air public walkway maintained by the City of Morristown and is a contributing structure in the Morristown Main Street Historic District, listed on the National Register in 2016.
- [Mumbai Skywalks](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/mumbai-skywalks): Mumbai, Maharashtra, India — public ownership; No published hours policy found; the skywalks are open public structures over streets.. The Mumbai Skywalks are about 36 open-sided elevated walkways, roughly 17 km in total, built by the Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) from 2008 to carry commuters from suburban railway stations over congested streets. MMRDA handed the 24 skywalks inside Mumbai to the city corporation (BMC) in 2014–2015, and the BMC's bridges department now maintains them. Most have seen low use, and several have been shortened or demolished for Metro construction or after structural audits.
- [Oklahoma City Underground](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/oklahoma-city-underground): Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States — unknown ownership; Open to the public Monday–Friday, 6 a.m. to 8 p.m., set by the Downtown Oklahoma City Partnership; closed on New Year's Day, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving and Christmas Day.. The Oklahoma City Underground, formerly the Conncourse, is a network of tunnels and skywalks linking office towers, government buildings, hotels and garages across more than 20 downtown blocks. It is managed by the Downtown Business Improvement District and the Downtown Oklahoma City Partnership, which open it to the public from 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. on weekdays. A 2006–2007 renovation funded through the improvement district rebranded it with colour-coded lighting and historic photo galleries.
- [Overstreet Mall](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/charlotte-overstreet-mall): Charlotte, North Carolina, United States — private ownership; No published system-wide hours found. Access runs through private office buildings, and many businesses along the route open on weekdays only.. The Overstreet Mall is a chain of second-floor skybridges, tunnels and indoor concourses in Uptown Charlotte, proposed in a 1971 plan and largely complete by about 1977. It runs roughly 1.5 miles through office towers, hotels and garages between Truist Center and the Duke Energy Center. Each segment belongs to the building it passes through, and the City Council moved in the 1980s to limit new walkways.
- [PATH](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/toronto-path): Toronto, Ontario, Canada — mixed ownership; No single network-wide schedule is published. Access hours are fixed in each property's development agreement and in most cases match subway operating hours, but some access points close earlier or on weekends.. PATH is a mostly underground network of walkways, shopping concourses and a few bridges linking more than 75 buildings in downtown Toronto. Each segment is owned and controlled by the property it runs through, about 35 corporations in all, while the City or the TTC owns links under public streets and in subway stations. The City acts as coordinating agency and owns the PATH name, logo, signage and maps, and public access is secured through development agreements.
- [Peachtree Center Skybridges](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/atlanta-peachtree-center): Atlanta, Georgia, United States — private ownership; No system-wide hours. Each owner decides; bridges linking the Hyatt Regency, Marriott Marquis and Westin Peachtree Plaza remain open to the public, while others are sealed, employee-only or closed.. Peachtree Center is a multi-block complex in downtown Atlanta developed by architect-developer John Portman from 1961 onward, whose office towers, hotels, marts and mall are linked by enclosed pedestrian sky bridges crossing public streets. The bridges are private property owned by the separate owners of the buildings they join, so there is no single operator or system-wide hours policy. Some bridges between the hotels remain open to the public while others are sealed, employee-only or closed.
- [Plus 15 Network](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/calgary-plus-15): Calgary, Alberta, Canada — mixed ownership; Council policy sets standard hours of 6 a.m.–9 p.m. on weekdays and 9 a.m.–7 p.m. on weekends and statutory holidays. Links may open longer, and any shorter hours or closures require City approval, signage and a detour plan.. The Plus 15 is a network of enclosed pedestrian bridges and second-floor walkways in downtown Calgary, named for bridges set roughly 15 feet above the roadway. The City of Calgary owns the bridges over public rights-of-way, while the walkways run through private buildings under public easements, and property owners maintain, secure and operate their links under development agreements and a 2021 Council policy.
- [RÉSO](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/montreal-reso): Montréal, Quebec, Canada — mixed ownership; No network-wide hours rule was found. Most sections are open while the metro runs, about 5:30 a.m. to 1 a.m., but some building corridors close outside business hours.. RÉSO, often called the Underground City, is a network of underground corridors, shopping galleries and building concourses in downtown Montréal built around the metro. The City describes it as the product of private developers and property owners who linked their buildings to the metro, with the metro stations as its spine. The City's Ville-Marie borough promotes the RÉSO name and maps, and most sections follow building or metro hours.
- [Rochester Skyway and Subway System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/rochester-mn-skyway-subway): Rochester, Minnesota, United States — unknown ownership; Closed to the public from midnight to 5:30 a.m. by ordinance since November 2019. Daytime opening hours of individual segments were not confirmed.. Downtown Rochester's buildings, centered on the Mayo Clinic campus, are linked by second-level skyways and a below-grade pedestrian concourse known locally as the 'subway', though it has no trains. In November 2019 the City Council adopted an ordinance closing the skyways to the public from midnight to 5:30 a.m. It replaced an earlier hours policy and gave police enforcement authority.
- [Saint Paul Skyway System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/saint-paul-skyway): Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States — public ownership; Ordinance hours are 6 a.m. to midnight daily for all parts of the system, including stairs, elevators and escalators from public areas. Exceptions require a Council resolution, and owners must post alternative hours. Emergency Executive Order 2022-12 lets segments close no earlier than 11 p.m. and was still listed on the city's emergency-orders page in 2026.. A city-owned network of enclosed second-floor bridges and corridors connecting about 47 blocks of downtown Saint Paul, Minnesota, roughly five miles of climate-controlled walkway. Unlike most North American systems, the bridges are built and owned by the City and the public's right of passage through private buildings rests on recorded easements, with hours and conduct set by Chapter 140 of the Saint Paul Legislative Code.
- [Seoul Underground Shopping Centers and Walkways](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/seoul-underground-walkways): Seoul, South Korea — mixed ownership; Set centre by centre by the Seoul Facilities Corporation. Gangnam Station's passage is open 24 hours with shops 10:00–22:00. Euljiro's passage is open about 05:00–01:00 on weekdays with shops 09:00–22:00.. Seoul has two kinds of underground pedestrian network. Twenty-five city-owned underground shopping centres beneath streets such as Euljiro and Gangnam-daero are managed by the Seoul Facilities Corporation and leased to merchants by competitive bidding under a city ordinance. Separately, the privately owned COEX Mall at Samseong is owned by the Korea International Trade Association and run by Shinsegae as Starfield COEX Mall.
- [Singapore covered walkways and underground pedestrian network](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/singapore-pedestrian-links): Singapore, Singapore — mixed ownership; Underground Pedestrian Network and its vertical connections must be open to the public during rapid transit operating hours; the Elevated Pedestrian Network must be open at all times. Covered linkways are open-air public structures.. Singapore combines an island-wide web of public covered walkways, built by the Land Transport Authority (LTA) under its Walk2Ride programme, with an underground and elevated pedestrian network in the city centre that private developers must build to Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) guidelines. Covered linkways are public infrastructure. Underground and elevated links pass through private buildings, but URA guidelines require them to stay open to the public during train operating hours or at all times.
- [Sioux City Skywalk](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/sioux-city-skywalk): Sioux City, Iowa, United States — mixed ownership; Published hours are Monday–Friday 6:30 a.m.–10 p.m., Saturday 9 a.m.–10 p.m. and Sunday 9 a.m.–6 p.m., with some corridors closed after 6 p.m. Hours are set administratively under the board's rulemaking authority; no separate hours ordinance was found.. A climate-controlled skywalk network of roughly 2 miles covering about 10 downtown Sioux City blocks, with 27 street access points. The city runs it through its Parking & Skywalks division, overseen by a Parking and Skywalk System Board of Trustees created under Municipal Code Chapter 2.70. That board has authority over operation, maintenance, rules and the system's revenue.
- [Spokane Skywalk System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/spokane-skywalk): Spokane, Washington, United States — private ownership; Hours follow the needs and business hours of the owners who built and run each skywalk, together with the City Council's view of public safety and convenience. Central business district skywalks must open by 10 a.m. and stay open until at least 6 p.m., Monday to Saturday, holidays excluded. The Council is directed to seek uniform hours across the system.. Spokane's skywalk system is a network of second-level pedestrian bridges and corridors covering about 13 to 14 blocks of the downtown core, linking River Park Square, the Parkade and other buildings. The bridges are privately built and maintained under City Council permits for use of public airspace. Spokane Municipal Code Chapter 12.02, Article III caps each permit at 25 years, sets minimum operating hours and bars permittees from excluding adjoining owners who wish to connect.
- [Tokyo Pedestrian Decks](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/tokyo-pedestrian-decks): Tokyo, Tokyo Metropolis, Japan — mixed ownership; No uniform policy. Decks that are part of public roads or station plazas are generally usable at all hours, while passages inside stations and buildings follow operator hours. Site-specific hours were not confirmed.. Japan's pedestrian decks are elevated, pedestrian-only platforms built over station plazas and roads, usually as part of urban redevelopment or land readjustment projects. In Tokyo they include the Shiodome deck network, the Yaesu GranRoof deck at Tokyo Station and the Tachikawa Station decks. They are typically owned by the owner of the underlying road or station plaza, often a municipality, while construction costs are shared among local government, railway companies and developers.
- [Umeda Underground Shopping Streets](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/osaka-umeda-underground): Osaka, Osaka Prefecture, Japan — mixed ownership; Tenant hours set by the operator: shops 10:00–21:00 and restaurants 10:00–22:00 at Whity Umeda, with some later bars. Passage hours are not separately published, and none are set by ordinance.. A web of underground shopping streets and public passages linking the JR, private-railway and Metro stations around Osaka/Umeda, anchored by Whity Umeda (1963) and Diamor Osaka (1995). The malls occupy space beneath public roads and station plazas under Road Act occupancy permits and are run by companies tied to the city and private railways: Osaka Chikagai Co., majority-held by Osaka City until 2018 and since then by Osaka Metro, and a Hanshin Electric Railway subsidiary.
- [Winnipeg Walkway System](https://skywaygovernance.org/s/winnipeg-walkway): Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada — mixed ownership; No network-wide hours rule was found. Links are typically open about 7 a.m. to 6 p.m., and each building sets its own hours, so many skywalks and tunnels close outside business hours.. Winnipeg's Weather Protected Walkway System links downtown buildings through skywalks and tunnels, anchored by the underground concourse beneath Portage Avenue and Main Street. The City owns the central circus under the intersection, while most corridors run through privately owned buildings that set their own hours. The intersection above was barricaded to pedestrians from 1979 under a deal with developer Trizec and reopened to street-level crossing on June 27, 2025.

## Other pages

- [Field guide](https://skywaygovernance.org/guide): comparison table and glossary
- [About](https://skywaygovernance.org/about): methodology, corrections
- [Legal](https://skywaygovernance.org/legal): copyright, attribution, terms